Roads are typically built with a foundation of granular sub-base and capping materials, with the upper layers constructed in bitumen bound materials. The top layer provides the impermeable and skid resistant surface to the road and is normally bitumen bound. Retained with appropriate kerb line and demarcations. Footways are generally constructed in bitumen bound, block paving or small element paving materials. Paving slabs larger than 400 x 400 mm sq and other surfacing materials may be used in appropriate locations.